President Donald Trump has asserted almost 3,000 times since the late 1980s that voter fraud is widespread, including his Thursday night primetime address. But despite his drumbeat, none of his claims of U.S. election fraud have been substantiated.

According to a Factba.se analysis of Trump’s public speeches, interviews, social media posts and any other statement we have picked up in the public space, since 1988, he has raised the specter of unfair or rigged elections no less than 2,977 times. Notably, he revised his opinion of the 2024 presidential election four times after Election Day. Prior to that, he claimed it would be unfairly biased against him 457 times.

As recently as Thursday, he maintained he won the 2020 election, despite no fewer than 62 court cases that have been dismissed, thrown out, or lost without a single judge ruling that there was any evidence of tampering.

In 2026, to date, he has raised election fraud an average of 1.3 times per day — once every 18 hours, 28 minutes. That is down from his peak in 2024, when it was raised 1.49 times per day, or once every 16 hours, six minutes. Overall, for the 2002 days he has been president through July 15, 2026, election fraud has been posted or uttered by Trump once every 37 hours, 53 minutes.

His claims are not just about presidential elections. International, House, Senate, state and local elections are all suspect to him.

Trump has raised the threat of vote-rigging and election fraud in primaries, runoffs, and general elections. Thirty-five states have had unfair elections in his view. He has also questioned the results of elections in Colombia, France, Honduras, Hungary, Russia and Venezuela, which U.S. courts have not adjudicated.

Among the more local contests he has mentioned: state Senate races in Indiana; the Los Angeles mayor’s race; both party caucuses in Iowa. A special election for Westchester County, N.Y., executives. Paterson, N.J., mail-in ballots.

The races questioned are not just limited to Democratic municipalities. Elections in every Southern state except Tennessee have been been called out.

So, according to Trump, who is committing these acts of fraud?

The top three: the Democratic Party (198), former President Joe Biden (58) and the FBI (54). Fifty-one intelligence agents have gotten in on the act. Maricopa County in Arizona? Suspect. Former Venezuela President Nicolás Maduro, former Attorney General William P. Barr, and Rep. Ilhan Omar, D-Minn., are all in on it. China gets mentioned, but was not accused until Thursday night (our data is through July 15).

But there is one significant omission.

He has never mentioned the contest for the North Carolina 9th Congressional District in 2018.

Since 2000, it is the only congressional election overturned due to fraud. As determined by the North Carolina State Board of Elections, composed of three Democrats and two Republicans, Republican Mark Harris’ win over Democrat Dan McCready was null and void.

After allegations of fraud by McCrae Dowless, a GOP operative, were surfaced, the board unanimously voted to order a new election. Harris passed on running again. Republican Dan Bishop subsequently won the new election and was seated in Congress. Out of 132 U.S. races at all levels of government, Trump missed that one in his comments and social media posts.

Harris went on to win election to the House in 2024.